The 27 governments of the European Union must unanimously approve the partnership in the Council of the European Union, in accordance with Articles 207 and 218 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and the European Parliament is also invited to give its compliant opinion. The European Parliament has the power to approve or reject the agreement. In the event that the Council of the European Union, on the proposal of the European Commission, calls the TTIP a “mixed agreement”, the agreement of all parliaments of the EU Member States is required, in accordance with the various constitutional procedures, before the agreement enters into force. In the United States, both houses of Congress will have to pass the agreement before it can be ratified. [70] Free trade between the EU and the US: a match made in heaven Third, given that the production links between two countries are generally very different from one sector to another, our sectoral approach leads to a more accurate assessment of the indirect network effects of a trade shock and how tariffs in one sector can have production emissions in other sectors at home and abroad , as the example above of the automotive sector shows. In early 2013, Canadian media observers speculated that the start of TTIP talks was putting pressure on Canada to ratify its own three-year free trade negotiations with the EU by the end of 2013. [138] Countries with customs agreements with the EU, such as Turkey, may face the prospect of opening their markets to American products without access to their own goods without a separate agreement with the United States. [139] Short-term job gains are projected to amount to about 350,000 jobs in the United States and about one million jobs for the EU under a deep free trade scenario. As part of an entry-exit approach for several sectors, it would appear that the EU-28 as a whole will benefit relatively more from TTIP than the United States, both in the case of a flat TTIP and a deep TTIP.
One of the main reasons for this result is the more integrated EU28 production network, both at the sectoral and transnational levels, which can only be highlighted by a multi-sectoral approach. The texts of the TTIP agreement are drawn up by 24 joint working groups between the EU and the US, each taking into account a separate aspect of the agreement. Development usually takes a number of phases. First, large-scale position papers will be exchanged, introducing each party`s objectives and ambitions for each aspect. This is followed by proposals for texts from both parties, accompanied (in areas such as tariffs and market access) by the “initial offer” of each party. These negotiations and draft documents can evolve during the different phases of their development.